Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK The WritePass Journal

Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK REFERENCE LIST: Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK IntroductionControlling Air PollutionControlling Water PollutionControlling Noise PollutionControlling Land PollutionWaste ManagementAnimal Life protection and country side preservationPollution Prevention and Control Regulations 2000AssessmentConclusionREFERENCE LIST:Related Introduction Environmental pollution has been a huge concern since many centuries even in a number of developed nations which were characterized by old civilizations and well settled societies that were later on modified by industrialization and modernization that brought in the need for effective waste disposal and implementation of appropriate and effective measures to reduce the extent of land, water, noise, air and countryside pollution. Noise pollution and air pollution became a major concern only after a few decades following the industrial revolution and attention was given to resolve these issues only after major incidents were witnessed across many places in the world such as the London Smog incident in 1952 that necessitated the country’s parliament to take immediate action and pass legislations (Clay Bassett, 1999, pp. 731-740). River pollution on the other hand also became a great concern at a much later stage when most of the inland rivers had been contaminated with industria l effluents, sewage discharge and untreated wastes. Though the major rivers such as the Thames have become much less polluted and support many fishes after massive efforts that have been taken over the years, other smaller and less popular rivers in interior parts of UK are still being polluted (Farmer, 1997, p. 105). A more detailed introspection of the measures taken by UK is warranted to understand the effects of parliamentary legislations in prohibiting environmental pollution. Controlling Air Pollution Air pollution in UK has been a major concern since many decades and a continuous problem owing to the extent of industrial contaminants, air borne particulate matter and dust. The Dutch Expert committee on Occupational Safety (2010, pp. 20- 74) performed a detailed examination of the level of endotoxins in the air borne atmosphere in various parts of UK. This committee recommended a 90 EU/m3 exposure level to ensure that people do not suffer from respiratory tract diseases due to inhalation of endotoxins though patients with respiratory tract illness, those with asthma and smokers were part of the high risk group. Another regulation that has helped control the release of fluorinated carbons into the atmosphere is the Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2009. An effective way to reduce these emissions would be by monitoring the extent of F-Gas Usage and indifferent sectors and in turn controlling their emissions. The Impact assessment carried out by Defra (2009, 1-107) laid down standards for improving checking, labelling, checking leakage, certification and registration for industries mainly associated with   fire protection, stationary and mobile air conditioning and refrigeration, high voltage operations, switch gear and solvent cleaning. The Air Standards Regulations 2010 provides a detailed assessment of the emissions of various pollutants and particulate matter that can be controlled as a duty of the state by measuring at multiple points and checking for the effectiveness of pollution prevention protocol implementation. This regulation defines a clear classification of the various kinds of pollutants categorized as hydrocarbons, particulates, metals, effluents, dust, and ozone depleting pollutants and so on. Hence, this has also proven to be an effective measure to help the state take necessary action to curb and check activities that lead to greater atmospheric pollution. At the same time, it provides a detailed review of the steps that are to be taken for appropriate and regular checking as a part of the state’s efforts in regulating polluting activities. These regulations have helped to elucidate the high level of air particulate pollutants in UK and bring their emission under control. Though the improvement in initial stages till early parts of the twenty first century had been less and slow moving, the developments that have occurred over the later decades have shown significant improvements in making UK part of a better pollution controlled league. Controlling Water Pollution Water pollution is another area that has required massive inputs and efforts in the UK. In earlier days, emissions of chemicals and industrial effluents into nearby water bodies were common practise. Due to this, inland rivers and lakes were greatly polluted and contaminated also making them unfit for water borne fishery and marine harvesting.   River catchment management and maintaining water quality took utmost priority during the later half of the twenty first century and a number of regulations were formed to ensure that the water is not polluted further and steps were taken to recycle the wastes and contaminants to improve existing water quality. Ground water abstraction, mineral extraction, waste water management for discharge and effluents have posed a huge concern to UK and are now being handled by the river catchment management. The control of Pollution Act in 1974 began to tighten the quality of river water through stringent regulation of water polluting activities and polluting industries. This set up a consent-based system for compliance, regular sample collection, testing and procedures for sample collection. It laid regulations on the volume, site of outfall and nature of discharges. These have been quite successful in reducing the extent of harmful effluents reaching water bodies though extensive efforts are still required to redeem all water bodies and reduce the risks due to pollution and subsequent water body contamination. Farmer explained that Surface water Directive (75/440/EEC) set out the requirements for quality of drinking water and classified as basic filtration, physical and chemical treatment and extensive physical and chemical treatment to distinguish the three major categories of drinking water. When the water is not purified as per these protocols, it is deemed unfit for drinking, is not certified and subsequently looked down and not consumed by the public in UK (1997, p. 107). Controlling Noise Pollution Noise pollution in UK has also been a matter of great concern and the Pollution control act also address these issues. This gave a the society the right to report instances of excessive noise pollution and require the corresponding activities such as work at a construction site to be re-modelled to produce lesser noise. The control of Noise at work Regulations 2005 was successful in bringing about noise reduction in work environments. According to these regulations, employees have the duty of assessing noise levels at their work places and also required to follow hearing protection guidelines according t which hearing protection must be supplied to workers when the noise level reached 80 db and workers are to compulsorily wear hearing protection gear when the noise level goes any higher and greater than 80db. Controlling Land Pollution Land pollution has been an area of huge concern especially due to waste disposal on land masses. The environment protection act of 1990 set out rules to help the state manage land   pollution by allowing local authorities to carry out land inspections to ensure that they are not contaminated and also take necessary action of clean up and waste disposal for land recovery. Many organizations including DEFRA and the Environment agency are devising schemes to bring about better land redemption techniques and their effective implementation. Along with this effective strategies for land filling and biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste management are being framed to better manage land resources and prevent their pollution. Waste Management Waste Management has been an area of huge concern for many decades owing to the volume of wastes produced on a daily basis and the need for effective system of waste segregation, treatment and suitable means of disposal that does not contaminate the ecosystem. Waste management regulations have become increasingly important in imposing stringent guidelines for waste treatment and disposal. This has helped reduce the harmful effects of improper waste disposal and bring in greater responsibility from industries and individuals in managing non-biodegradable and hazardous waste. The Environment Agency (2010, pp. 2-18)in UK has framed a waste sector plan in which a three year evaluation for 2006 to 2009 was carried out and a detailed report to manage wastes was prepared.   The Environment agency has also set out a process for waste collection, subsequent treatment, recovering energy materials and products from wastes and disposal using land filling and other methods. These methods also incorporate safety and health preservation as vital aspects. As a result of the sustained efforts, the waste strategy annual progress report given by DEFRA for 2008/90 (p. 4) had shown significant reductions in household waste amounting to about 26%, biodegradable waste land filling to about 8% and a 9% reduction in illegal waste activity such as flytipping. This shows the positive growth that UK has made in the direction of waste management though the management of hazardous waste still proves to be a concern. Animal Life protection and country side preservation Preservation of wild life and country side in UK has been a long sought after need that has been established through laws in recent years.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The country side commission in 1989 set out a few methods to ensure that the country side remains unaltered and undisturbed in the future. This has been brought about more extensively by society based organizations that might even be non-governmental such as the Sid Vale Association and other organizations such as the Campaign to protect rural England that have been successful in preserving the green belts in England and sustaining the ecosystem through public initiative. Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations 2000 One of the strong measures adopted against pollutions and its prevention in UK includes the Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations 2000 which details the requirements for installation of treatment plants, using effective techniques, defining pollutants, acquiring relevant permits for working conditions and requirements that emanate pollutants and compensations in relation to off-site conditions. These are important parameters that determine the effectiveness of these regulations to being about pollution control. This set of regulations is common to business setups such as power generation, manufacturing, waste management, intensive pig and poultry farming and other industries related to landfill sites and solvents. This broad classification has helped to bring about streamlining of many areas including emissions to land, water and air, emergency efficiency, waste reduction, raw material consumption, noise, vibration and heat reduction, accident prevention and conditioning the s ite preserve surrounding natural resources. Hence, this has brought about a major compliance standard for industrial and other setups in UK towards environmental preservation and pollution prevention. Assessment A number of regulations and legislative measures have been implemented in UK over a sustained period of time. Though some of these measures may not have materialized as they are difficult to check and assess on a continuous basis, significant improvements have resulted in over all pollution prevention and control. The efficacy of these regulations to act as regulatory and compliance norms for industries has been noteworthy. Especially the regulations that have been set out in the area of water pollution and waste management have been successful in raising the levels of water quality and reducing pollution due to contaminants. Other areas such as air pollution require a much more detailed introspection as they are more extensive in nature when it comes to contributory elements. The steps taken to control air pollution from the point of view of reviewing by state, permits for industrial setups, regulatory compliance for industrial emissions and air quality checking at different points have now evolved into suitable methods to combat the multi faceted aspects of continually increasing variations of air pollutants. The waste management regulations are now being implemented in all industrial sectors and are hence reducing the burden of solid waste and contaminants on the environment through the adoption of appropriate treatment methods. Yet, certain amounts of pollutants eventually reach the water bodies or barren lands which need to be curtailed. The country side preservation has been a more recent initiative and though the originally present natural environment and wild life cannot be regained completely, current efforts will prove to be contributory to improve the existing countryside environment. Conclusion Regulatory measures in the UK to control pollution of water and land have been multi-fold, yet they have not reached every part of the country though they are country wide standards. These measures have been successful in bringing down the levels of water and land pollution to a great extent and have also helped to recover water bodies such as Thames River in UK. The improvements in waste management are also noteworthy. Air pollution is one area that requires extensive planning and continuous appraisal due to a number of factors. Better implementation of the regulations already present and the framing of newer regulations to address other needs in the changing international environment will contribute greatly towards sustained improvement and preservation of the natural environment. REFERENCE LIST: Clay, H, H, Bassett, W, H 1999, Clay’s Handbook of Environmental Health, 18th edition, Taylor Francis, London, UK. Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2000)  The Pollution Prevention and Control ( England and Wales) Regulations. London: HMSO. Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2008)  Impact Assessment of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2009. London: HMSO Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2009)  Waste Strategy: Annual Progress Report 2008/2009. London: HMSO Dutch expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS), a Committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands.  Endotoxins: Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2010; publication no. 2010/04OSH Environmental Agency, EA (2010)  Waste Sector Plan: 3 year progress report 2006-2009. A joint report by the environmental services association and environment agency.  London: HMSO Environmental Protection, (2010)  The Air Quality Standards Regulation  2010 No 1001. London: HMSO Farmer, A 1997, Managing Environmental Pollution, Routledge Environmental Management Series, Routledge, London, UK. Health and Safety at Work,   (2006) The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005. London: HMSO.

Skype Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Skype - Essay Example Considering the rapid digitalization of the economies and an increasing trend towards the online market portals, it is vital for the modern businesses to resort exclusively or partially to e-marketing solutions and strategies. In fact e-marketing has redefined the ways the modern businesses are conducted. Ans. Skype being a complete e-commerce venture has an elaborate and well calibrated e-marketing strategy. A cursory perusal of the e-marketing activities undertaken by Skype reveals innovation and effectiveness at its best. The primary forte of Skype lies in its apt communication strategies and its state of the art customer relationship management (Krishnamurthy 2006). Skype has an exclusive e-marketing based advertising campaign that resorts to the regular strategies like hosting an exclusive website that enhances the awareness of the potential customers about the products offered by Skype and also connects them to these services. Skype also uses banner ads, text ads, pop-up ads and other such features (Krishnamurthy 2006). In addition Skype also uses e-mail and e-mail newsletters to disseminate information amongst the interested customers (Krishnamurthy 2006). Skype has an immaculate search engine optimization strategy. Skype extensively resorts to a personalized online customer c are that targets both the individual and corporate customers Krishnamurthy 2006). Ans. Skype is the most well known and cost effective VoIP based communication service. It enables its customers to make the regular telephonic communication to both the landline and cellular phones located anywhere in the world through the medium of the internet. In addition Skype offers other relevant services like file transfer and online conferencing. Though Skype has an effective and elaborate e-marketing strategy that advertises it’s economical and state of the art services amongst the people, the primary

Business Law - Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Business Law - Questions - Assignment Example The defendant informed the service provider that he was in no need of his services any longer and even rejected to compensate on 11th May. The service provider sued the defendant for breach of contract on 22nd May and the starting date of the contract was due on 1st June. The court ruled the decision in favouring the claimant as the defendant has breached the contract (Andrews, 2011, p.486). In case of tort law, a person is held responsible or is held accountable if he fails to exercise the duty of care in his operations. This means that a person is said to be tort liable if he has failed to rectify any foreseeable errors in his/her offerings. For example: In Willsher v Essex Area Health Authority case, an inexperienced doctor gave extra oxygen to a baby that was born prematurely, due to this, the baby lost one of his eye, the court held the doctor liable because the inexperienced doctor had to operate with same amount of care as an experienced doctor (Tuitt, 2004, p.44). In tort cas es, negligence holds great importance, if an individual wants to press charges against another individual, he should be able to prove that the individual was involved in conducting negligence. To succeed in a case of negligence, the person making the claim has to prove the defendant had a duty of care towards the person making the claim. ... Lastly, the person making the claim has to prove that due to the defendant’s negligence towards duty of care, the claimant experienced a loss. The claimant can only win the case only if he is able to prove that the loss was experienced due to defendant’s breach of duty and the loss could have been avoided if the defendant would have taken necessary actions. For example, in the case of Donoghue v Stevenson, Stevenson being the defendant was held responsible because of his negligence to carry out the duty of care, the person who made the claim, Mrs Donoghue, experienced health issues after drinking bottle of beer manufactured by the defendant and the decision even stated that the manufacturers duty is towards the ultimate consumer, thus, the ultimate consumer experienced loss and the manufacturer was considered responsible (Cooke, 2001, p.35). A business or an individual is said to be vicariously liable if he/she has a relationship according to law with the person or busi ness that has acted negligently and has caused harm. Such kinds of legal relationships include: relationship between and worker and the employer. Negligence included in vicarious liability is referred to as imputed negligence, one theory of liability pertaining to this kind of negligence is respondent superior, according to respondent superior employer is held responsible or liable for the acts of his/her employee as there is a relationship between the worker and the employer of agent and principle. This relationship refers to the relationship that states that an employee is acting on behalf of the employer and the employer will be held responsible if the employee

Open Government Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Open Government - Assignment Example Government, The U.K. Prime Minister, the White House and U. S. senate websites. These websites display information that is visually attractive, easy to read and touching on public issues such as health and security. The websites are different and similar in terms of how information is displayed and used. The websites invite the public to engage in public matters by giving a feedback that help to improve the delivery of services, (MacLeod, 2012). Introduction There are various means of communicating in the world today. The use of Internet is among the best means of communicating to a large mass of people. The internet is divided into various forms such as website, blog and email. Websites are the most commonly used by governments to pass messages to citizens. Example of government websites are the White House website, United Kingdom website, U.S. senate website and U.K. Prime Minister website. These websites are meant to pass government information to citizens, for example, informatio n on health, laws that have been made, policies being prepared and the performance of the economy, (Sobel, 1999). Analysis of Websites The creation of these websites by the governments of United State and United Kingdom is necessitated by the fact that citizens have the right to government information. ... This information is then followed by how the economy is performing and the policies the U.S. government is about to implement to increase economic growth. In the U.K. government website, information can be easily accessed because various topics are outlined such as money and tax, education, housing, justice and citizenship, (Tanzey, 1999). The websites can, therefore, be lied on by citizens for information concerning the government and its departments. The design of the websites is appealing because both pictures and bold writings have been used to pass on information. For example, a major item of information such as health is written in very bold letters. This shows that the government values the health of its citizens by making it easily visible by any citizen who visits this website. The website is also attractive because the pictures in it display messages even to a citizen who cannot read and write. For example, the U.S. government website uses pictures showing doctors attending to patients by giving them medication, and using microscope to analyze laboratory tests, (Sobel, 1999). The websites from the two countries display President Barack Obama and Prime Minister David Cameron as the most influential persons in the two countries. From the two US websites, President Barack Obama is seen as the person who is going to influence the delivery of good health care to U.S. citizens. This is because the website information reveals that Obama is the one to allocate the various resources needed to deliver these high quality health services to the citizens, (Tanzey, 1999). The UK website reveals that David Cameron will make important decisions that will get people involved in business activities that will build the economy. The four websites have

Arthur Miller Good Theatre Essay Example for Free

Arthur Miller Good Theatre Essay A View from the Bridge is a post war play centred on longshoreman Eddie Carbonne. Eddie lives with wife Beatrice, and niece Catherine. The play depicts the conflict that occurs when, Italian immigrants and relatives of Beatrice, Marco and Rudolpho, come to stay with them and Rudolpho forms a romantic relationship with Catherine, eventually marrying her. It ends in a violent confrontation between Marco and Eddie. Eddie confronts Marco with a knife, but it backfires and he is stabbed to death. I am going to answer the question, what makes A View from the Bridge good theatre by firstly analysing four main components: the characters, themes, stage directions and dramatic devices. I am going to begin with the characters. The three most important characters are Eddie, Beatrice and Alfieri. Firstly, Eddie has the leading role and the complexities of his character add many intriguing dimensions. For instance, there are his deep feelings for Catherine and their incestuous connotations. Throughout the play, Eddies feelings towards Catherine are made known to the audience and many of the other characters. However Eddie still seems oblivious and even though his actions strongly suggest he loves her as more than a niece, he never verbalises his feelings or wilfully admits to them. EDDIE: What can I do? I gotta sit in my own house and look at a son-of-a-bitch punk like that which he came out of nowhere! I give him my house to sleep! I take the blankets off my bed for him, and he takes and puts his dirty filthy hands on her like a god dam thief! Here, Eddie is getting increasingly angry, because he feels that by marrying Catherine, Rudolpho is somehow stealing from him. Miller shows this by using expletives and exclamation marks. This shows that he is protective of her in a slightly more than paternal way. When Alfieri makes the comment about Eddie marrying Catherine, it is on the surface an offhand retort to ridicule Eddies incredulity at Catherine marrying Rudolpho, but Eddie reacts very badly to it, because Alfieri has actually pinpointed the true nature of his feelings. However instead of acknowledging this, he shouts at Alfieri in an attempt. Here, the audience is made aware of the fact that in his own mind, Eddie is just being protective of his niece, and that any improper feelings from Catherine are deeply suppressed. Therefore, the audience is always in anticipation of the moment when Eddie vents all that suppressed emotion, which creates increasing tension. Miller puts a pause at the end of Eddies angry outburst because the moment of silence would allow the audience to realise the true meaning of the conversation. ALFIERI: You know sometimes God mixes up the people. We all love someone but sometimes theres too much and it goes where it mustnt there is too much love for the niece. Do you understand what Im saying to you?

Tourism Market In Dubai Tourism Essay

Tourism Market In Dubai Tourism Essay Our mission is to provide tour plans for Business Tour, Normal Tours and UAE Company planning to send their employees for a trip, we hope to target tourist coming to Dubai for holidays as well as expatriates and locals living in Dubai. Our target market includes locals, tourist, working class, international visitors, corporate employees and newly married couples. We will design different packages to target our market segments based on demographic segmentation. We have segmented our market on the basis of Income Segmentation as described by Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2008). Tourism Market in Dubai: The present credit crunch has also affected Dubai tourist industry, and its been observed that people tend to cut vacations the most as it is a leisure item. Given the current credit crunch it is noted that tourist who tend to travel to Dubai for holidays fall in high end tourism, which is less likely to be affected by any sort of economic recession. Hence Arabian tours Income segmentation of the market will allow us to create packages for the high end tourist. (Economic Sectors, 2009) The economic sectors of Dubai in the form of a pie chart are shown in Figure 1. dubai-economy.png Figure Economic Sectors: Dubai Arabian tours will target business tours, especially corporate packages for companies planning to send their employees for a holiday. Hamilton, S. (2008) notes that the tourism industry accounts for 20% of Dubais GDP and notes that Dubai has also become a venue for international conferences, seminars, festivals, exhibitions both on regional and international level, attracting even more tourist to Dubai. Further explains that traditional Arab hospitality, delightful winter climate, sophisticated infrastructure and crime free environment are the factors which will keep attracting tourist to Dubai in the future. Dubai government is dedicated to make tourism the major market of Dubai, hence focusing on building tourism industry. There are more than 255 hotels in Dubai and still more are under-construction, which will attract tourist in Dubai and will expand the market for Arabian Tours in the future. (UAEs Consumer Market, 2011) According to the pie chart provided by department of touris m and commerce marketing, Dubai the following figure 2 shows the guests received by Dubai Hotel Establishment by Nationality in January to June, 2010. Guest Dubai.png Figure Guests Received by Dubai Hotel Establishment by Nationality (Jan-Jun 2010) The above graph shows that the geographic location of Dubai also creates the demand for Arabian tours in Dubai, attracting tourist from UK, EU, USA, India, Iran, China, Russia, GCC and Other Countries of the world. Dubai is also the economic hub of the Middle East and attracts expatriates of multinational companies, which is also the target market for Arabian tours and clearly explains the growth potential of tourism in Dubai and an opportunity for Arabian Tours. Competition: Arabian Tours face a fierce competition in the market as the government continues to spend in tourism, some of the competitors are: Arabian Horizons Tours Dubai Tourism Safari Tour Experts UAE Arabian Adventures Travel in Dubai Emir Tours Alpha Tours Tour Dubai Hormuz Tourism Dubai Desert Safari Arabian tours will have a continuously developing strategy to bench-mark all the competitors in the market to gain competitive advantage. We will offer tour packages for all high end as well as low end tourist. Customer Satisfaction will be the core of the services provided at Arabian Tours enabling us to differentiate our tour packages from our competitors. We will reach special negotiations with Burj Al Arab and other hotels and resorts to offer the best packages for the tourist. We will also offer luxury pickups from Dubai Airport in a Rolce Royce to differentiate our services from our competitors. A competitor analysis is the first step the firm takes to be able to predict the extent and nature of its rivalry with each competitor as stated by Hokisson, R.E., Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. Harrison, J.S. (2008). Arabian tours will conduct a thorough competitor analysis of all the marketing activities, promotions and tour packages offered by its competitors. A detailed industry analysis will be conducted to analyze all the new entrants, buyers, suppliers, competitors and substitutes as explained by Walker, G. (2004). Arabian Tours will conduct competitor analysis by assessing competitors objectives, strategies, strengths and weaknesses, and reaction patterns. Benchmarking will be at the core of Arabian Tours competitive strategy and the research team of Arabian Tours will always keep itself engaged in gathering information about competitors marketing mix, and also if the competitor is satisfied with their current marketing mix, and how the competitor might react to something launched by Arabian Tours. To assess the competitors strengths and weaknesses secondary data about the competitors will be collected, which will then be used to assess the competitors reactions. Arabian Tours will have an active research team engaged in marketing and competitor research. The findings of the research work will be used to develop competitive strength of Arabian Tours, as noted by Luther, W.M. (2011) competitive strength is one of the most important factors that determines whether you will enjoy profitability, and surprisingly, one that many entrepreneurs dont even take into account, further states that actually its the competition rather than the customer that determines your revenues, market share and profit. SWOT Analysis: Technology(Strength): Technology plays a vital role in todays world, Arabian Tours website will be launched providing the customers access to all the companies promotions and packages. Customers will be able to book a holiday tour by visiting the company website or by calling one of our representatives. Internet travelling is growing on a fast pace, our company website will be a complete tour solution for the entire tourist worldwide. We will use search engine optimization creating links of our websites on different websites attracting tourist globally to our website. Arabian Tours will have a robust CRM program in place to increase customer satisfaction. Social Media will also be used to spread the word about our company and the services offered, our holiday packages will be advertised using social media, print media and electronic media. We will also use billboards around the city to advertise the promotions and tour packages offered by Arabian Tour. Arabian Tours website will be visible in all the search engines, we will also post blogs, emails and eNewsletters to the target market. Socio-Political Environment: Since January, 2008 the world saw the worst financial crisis that has also affected Dubai tourist industry. Given the current financial crisis it is noted that tourist who tend to travel to Dubai for holidays fall in high end tourism, which is less likely to be affected by any sort of economic recession. Arabian Tours will have a special policy on identifying and eliminating human rights riska from its operations, and it is the primary responsibility of the enterprise to respect human rights in all of the companys practices. Corruption and bribery have a negative impact on any business, Dubai offers a crime and corruption free environment for all the businesses which will help us to fight any corrupt practices. Arabian tours will design internal mechanism to prevent, detect and remediate corrupt practices. Climate Change is one of the biggest risk faced by the world today, global water supplies are diminishing, while climate chane is one of the biggest risks of 21st century, it also presents opportunities for Arabian Tours to expand its business and come up with special holiday tours in Summers. Threats and Opportunities: Arabian Tours has to face a lot of competition by its competitors because Dubai is a tourist spot and more and more tourist companies are entering the market. This allows an easy entry of Arabian Tours in the tourism industry but at the same time Arabian Tours has to bench mark these competitors to gain competitive advantage. All our services will be customer oriented which provides us an opportunity to gain competitive advantage in the tourism industry of Dubai. Dubai government has policies to promote tourism which is an opportunity Arabian Tours can avail and enter the market without any restrictions. The whole world looks at Dubai as a holiday spot which attracts more tourists to Dubai every year, which is also an opportunity for Arabian Tours to attract international tourist. Objectives To become the industry leader in providing tour packages for Dubai. Providing tour packages to all people visiting Dubai as well as expatriates and locals living in Dubai. To become the leader in providing luxurious tour packages. Setting industry standards for tours in Dubai. Providing Customer driven preferences for tour planning. Strategies To become the industry leader we will advertise to masses as well as target market the niche market of tourism which are the high end tourist. We will acquire luxurious vehicles, helicopters and Cessna planes to become the luxurious tour provider. We will provide our customers with an experience which they wont forget and give them something to remember and take memories back with them when they leave Dubai. Our international correspondence office will be open 24hours providing information on our tour packages and all the luxurious options which tourist could add to their tour. ACTION PLAN/MARKETING MIX PRODUCT: We have planned to offer the following services: Desert Safari Morning Desert Safari Evening Desert Safari Overnight Dubai Desert Safari Desert Safari by Hummer (Luxurious Tour) Hatta Mountain Safari Cruise Packages Cruise and Fish in The Gulf (Dolphin and Seals Show) Cruise and Dine Dubai Wild Wadi Tour Big Bus Dubai Tour Tour all the shopping malls and famous tourist spots in Dubai Fly over Dubai Helicopter tour of Dubai (sight seeing Dubai) Cessna Plane tour of Dubai (Sight seeing Dubai) Tour Packages for newly married couples Romantic Cruise Honey Moon package with a stay at Burj Al Arab and reception on helicopter from Dubai airport Business Tour Site Seeing Dubai in a Helicopter Cessna fly over Dubai Corporate Packages Holiday package for company employees (international/national) PRICE: Our tour packages are focused to provide luxury tour to our customers while offering competitive prices. PROMOTION PLAN We will be using following promotion methods: Print Media Electronic Media Billboards Steamers Social Media Online Website To compete in the market we will also use both above the line and below the line marketing strategies. Social Media advertisement will be used to reach all the target markets to reach all the people visiting to Dubai and expatriates as well as locals living in Dubai. PLACEMENT/DISTRIBUTION METHODS We will have our Head office on sheikh zayed road with branches in famous spots of Dubai, i.e. Airport, Deira, Bur Dubai (One Head Office and Three Branches). Our customers will be able to contact us online as well and the website will provide all the information on the available tours and customers will be able to book a tour from anywhere in the world. Our sales team will be given customer oriented training, enabling them to provide customer satisfaction to the tourist. Staff training will include: Sales Team Training Management Trainee Program Selling at the airport sales training SALES PROJECTIONS FOR FIVE YEARS: The following table shows the sales projection for Arabian Tours for 5 years, (Dubai Tourism appeal up, 2012) reports that, Dubai ranks among the top 10 tourist destinations worldwide and the emirate is expected to attract 8.8million international visitors in 2012 with spending estimated at around 8.8 billion, index released by global credit card company MasterCard. Table Arabian Tours 5 years Sales Projections SALES PROJECTIONS FOR FIVE YEARS Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Optimistic 50K 60K 70K 80K 90K Pessimistic 30K 40K 50K 60K 70K Realistic 40K 50K 60K 70K 80K Table one shows the five year sales projection for Arabian Tours, serving bench mark 1000 tourist a week.

Essays --

â€Å"Nurses eat their young.† It is an aged saying in nursing which describes the hazing and lateral violence which frequently occurs in the workplace. The victims of this bullying are usually new graduate nurses or nursing students. New graduates start their careers at the bottom of the proverbial totem pole; spending much of their time trying to learn the ropes and gaining experience as nurses. To the more experienced nurses they may appear to be easy targets with their â€Å"deer in the headlights† faces; believing the newbies are too frightened to fight back. Certain nursing schools, which will remain anonymous, use similar boot camp- like mentality while training their student nurses. The students at these schools remain fearful of their nursing instructors at all times. This instinct is required to survive their harsh reality of nursing boot camp. These students remain fidgety throughout their time in nursing school and this same shell-shocked behavior carries ov er to the early months or even years of their nursing careers. Nursing is supposed to be a field of compassion, the general belief being that most nurses are compassionate, caring human beings. So why are new nurses being hazed instead of nurtured by more experienced nurses and nursing instructors? Does this hazing really exist? If so, why? Is there anything being done to stop this lateral violence subjected upon new graduates? Is there more that can be done to prevent future victimization of new graduate nurses? To investigate these questions a preliminary interview and survey of several new graduate nurses, younger nurses with 2-8 years of experience, highly experienced nurses with 15 or more years of nursing experience, as well as nursing instructors and nursing precept... ...Most nurses chose the field because they are compassionate people and may need to remind themselves they were once new graduate nurses. Another remedy may call for older, savvier nurses, to stick up and defend the new nurses who are being picked on. Even with all the efforts suggested, â€Å"Nurses eating their young† will take time to cure and future study of other possible remedies towards lateral violence will be required. Whether if it is due to stress, burnout, attempt to educate newer nurses, or someone just trying to build their own confidence; these behaviors have existed for many years. It is an obvious problem with documented detrimental effects on young nurses. A true solution will only arise through continued education on the subject, greater enforcements, a little bit of self-reflection, and combined efforts from ALL medical staff members and school staff.